القانون الواجب التطبيق على الشركات الإلكترونية المتعددة الجنسية

First: Books:

• Ibrahim Mohsen and Itisam Al-Shakirji, Multinational Corporations and State Sovereignty, 1st ed., Academic Book, Amman, 2015.

• Abu Al-Ala Ali Al-Nimr, Scientific and Legal Problems in E-Commerce, 1st ed., Dar Abu Al-Majd for Printing and Publishing, 2004.

• Ahmed Salama, Qualitative Private International Law: Electronic, Tourism, and Environmental Law, 1st ed., Dar Al-Nahda Al-Arabiya, Cairo, 2000.

• Hossam El-Din Issa, Multinational Corporations, 1st ed., General Institution for Studies, Beirut.

• Hassan Makkawi, Modern Communication Technology in the Information Age, 2nd ed., Dar Al-Masryia Al-Lubnaniyya, Cairo, 1997.

• Khaled Mamdouh, Concluding the Electronic Contract, 2nd ed., Dar Al-Fikr Al-Jami'i, Alexandria, 2011.

• Zainab Abdel Salam, Multinational Corporations, 1st ed., National Center, Cairo, 2014.

• Abdel Sabour Abdel Qawi, The Legal Regulation of E-Commerce, 1st ed., Library of Law and Economics, Riyadh, 2012.

• Abdel Wahid Karam, Dictionary of Legal Terms, Dar Al-Kotob Al-Qanuniyah, Al-Mahalla, 1995.

• Essam Abdel Fattah Matar, E-Commerce in Arab and Foreign Legislation, Dar Al-Jamiah Al-Jadida, Alexandria, 2009.

• Omar Saqr, Globalization and Contemporary Economic Issues, Dar Al-Jamiah, Egypt, 2003.

• Imran Al-Sayeh, Private International Law, Libyan Academy of Arbitration, Tripoli, 2021.

• Majid Aba Al-Khail, The Electronic Contract, 1st ed., Al-Rushd Library, Riyadh, 2009.

• Mabrouk Al-Adeli, E-Marketing, 1st ed., Dar Amjad Publishing, Amman, 2015.

• Muhammad Al-Mabrouk Al-Lafi, Conflict of Laws and International Jurisdiction: A Study of the General Principles and Solutions Established in Libyan Legislation, The Open University, Tripoli, 1990.

• Muhammad Al-Matalqa, A Concise Introduction to E-Commerce Contracts, 3rd ed., Dar Al-Thaqafa Publishing House, 2011.

• Muhammad Mansour, Electronic Liability, Dar Al-Jami'a Al-Jadida, Alexandria, 2009.

• Munir Al-Janbihi and Mamdouh Al-Janbihi, Electronic Companies, 1st ed., Dar Al-Fikr Al-Jami'i, Alexandria, 2008.

• Najm Abboud, Electronic Management and Knowledge, Dar Al-Bazouri, Amman, 2017.

Second: Academic Theses and Legal Research:

• Ibrahim Al-Rawashdeh, Contracting via Modern Electronic Means and the Applicable Law, Arab Journal of Scientific Publishing, Jordan, Issue 25, 2020.

• Ibrahim Muhammad Al-Qaoud, "Multinational Companies and Investment in Libya," Journal of Legal and Sharia Sciences, Faculty of Law, University of Zawiya, Issue 8, 2016.

• Ahmed Abbas Abdullah and Ahmed Muhammad Jassim, "The Role of Multinational Companies in the Global Economy," Journal of the Baghdad College of Economic Sciences, University of Baghdad, Issue 29, 2012.

• Ahmed Abdel Aziz et al., "Multinational Companies and Their Impact on Developing Countries," Journal of Administration and Economics, Faculty of Administration and Economics, Al-Mustansiriya University, Issue 85, 2010.

• Osama Majdoub Ghania Batli, "The Electronic Company Contract," Journal of Law, Abbas University, Khenchela, Issue 9, No. 1, 2022.

• Ihab Abdel Rahman, "The Legal System of Electronic Companies in Light of Artificial Intelligence Technology," Legal Journal, Faculty of Law, Khartoum, Cairo University, Issue 8, 2022. • Tamer Al-Saidi and Basem Alwan, "The Legal Nature of E-Companies," Middle East Journal of Legal Studies, Manar Al-Sharq Studies website, 2023.

• Hakima Masoudan and Khamri Ammar, "The Concept of Distinctive Performance as a Criterion for Determining the Law Applicable to Commercial Contracts," Academic Journal of Legal Research, Vol. 13, No. 2, 2022.

• Ziad Al-Anzi, "The Principle of the Parties' Freedom to Choose the Law Applicable to International Trade Contracts," University of Sharjah Journal of Sharia and Legal Sciences, Vol. 13, No. 2, 2016.

• Zeina Ghanem Abdul-Jabbar, "E-Companies and Their Legal Nature," Al-Rafidain Journal, University of Mosul, Vol. 11, No. 39, 2009.

• Salima Ghoul and Ali Mihoub, "The Law Applicable to E-Commerce Disputes," Legal Researcher Journal of Legal Studies, Shadhli University, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2020.

• Samir Khalifi, "International Substantive Rules as a Mechanism for Regulating E-Commerce Transactions," PhD Thesis, Faculty of Law, Mouloud Mammeri University, 2018.

• Mustafa Attia Ibrahim, "The Legal System of Multinational Enterprise Contracts," Journal of Al-Isra University College of Social and Human Sciences, Vol. 5, No. 10, 2023.

• Mufida Al-Mazri and Warda Salmi, "Multinational Enterprises and the Economies of Developing Countries," Elise Journal of Research and Studies, University Center, Algiers, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2020.

• Manal Aissou, "E-Commerce Companies," Master's Thesis, Faculty of Law, University of Algiers 1, 2021.

• Nasser Hamoudi, "Electronic Contract Tendencies: The Crisis of Conflict of Laws Methods and the Emergence of Electronic Substantive Law as an Alternative," Al-Maaref Journal, University of Al-Aqeed, Bouira, Vol. 5, 2008.

• Nafie Bahr Sultan, Conflict of Laws in E-Commerce Disputes, "PhD Thesis," College of Law, University of Baghdad, 2004.

Third: Websites:

• Amazon websites for Arab countries: amazon.eg; amazon.sa; amazon.ae

• Tabadul Marketing and Electronic Services website https://tabadull.com/ar

• My company website: https://shirkaty.com/b /شركة-اوازون-amazon

• Mersal website: https://www.almrsal.com/post/1098749

• Noon Post website: https://www.noonpost.com

• The official website of the Dubai International Financial Centre: https://www.difc.com

Fourth: Laws and Judicial Rulings:

• The Libyan Civil Code of 1954 and its amendments.

• Law No. (6) of 2022 on Libyan Electronic Transactions.

• Law No. (9) of 2010 on the Promotion of Investment.

• Commercial Activity Law No. 23 of 2010.

• Egyptian Civil Code No. 131 of 1948 and its amendments.

• Mauritanian Legal Order No. 89-126 issued on December 14, 1989.

• Tunisian Private International Law, No. 97 of 1998, dated November 27, 1998.

• General Corporations Law of the State of Delaware, United States, 2010.

• Companies Law of the United Kingdom, 2006.

• Regulation on the Rome I Convention on the Law Applicable to Contractual Obligations, issued by the European Parliament and the Council in 2008.

• The Hague Convention on the Law Applicable to International Sales, 1955.

• Journal of the Libyan Supreme Court, several years, published periodically by the Technical Office.