Drones Between International Law and the Requirements of National Sovereignty: A Comparative Analytical Study
Abstract
This study examines the legal regulation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in light of international law and the requirements of national sovereignty, with a particular focus on the Libyan context, where drones are widely used by various actors—some of whom operate beyond the control of the central authority or through remote control stations located outside the country.
The research aims to analyze the international legal framework governing the use of drones, assess its adequacy in regulating such technology during both peace and conflict, and explore the gaps and shortcomings in Libyan domestic law regarding the licensing, operation, and control of drones and their associated command stations.
The study adopts a descriptive, analytical, and comparative methodology, supplemented by real-world examples drawn from recent conflicts in Ukraine, Gaza, Iran, and domestic drone strikes in Libya that resulted in collateral civilian damage, often without clear legal channels for redress or accountability.
The findings indicate that the absence of a comprehensive national legal framework governing drones and their control stations poses a serious threat to Libyan sovereignty and national security. The study recommends the enactment of a specific drone regulation law, the establishment of an independent national oversight authority, and the development of domestic capabilities in drone operation and command management to ensure lawful and sovereign use within a clear legal structure.
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