تحفظ الدول على المعاهدات الدولية
الملخص
يعد نظام التحفظ على المعاهدات الدولية من أبرز الأساليب والإجراءات القانونية التي استخدمتها الدول خلال فترات سابقة، إلا أن الفقه الدولي لم يبدى اهتمامه بمسألة التحفظ إلا منذ وقت قريب، لما للتحفظ من خصوصية في تنظيم العديد من القضايا الهامة في العلاقات الدولية سوى كان الأمر تعلق بحقوق الإنسان أو حفظ السلم والأمن الدوليين أو نزع الأسلحة الكيميائية أو النووية، وجل هذه الأمور تحتاج من الدول وقفة جادة لتنظيمها في معاهدات دولية تعنى بهذه المسائل.
ولا يخفى على أحد أن التحفظ يعطي الحق للدولة لإبداء تحفظها على بعض أحكام المعاهدة أثناء التوقيع أو التصديق أو الانضمام باعتباره حق مكفول وفقا للمواد (19- 23) من اتفاقية فيينا لقانون المعاهدات 1969م والتي تعد القاعدة الأساسية التي انطلقت فيما بعد عقد العديد من المعاهدات بين الدول، إلا أنه لا يمكن بأي حال من الأحوال ترك الدول لإبداء تحفظها كلما تعارض الأمر مع مصالحها، وبالتالي يسوء استعمال هذا الحق كذريعة للتحلل من الالتزامات الدولية.
الكلمات المفتاحية:
التحفظ ، الدول، المعاهدات الدولية، التوقيع، الالتزامات الدولية.
كيفية الاقتباس
د. علي عمار سعد سكر. (2024). تحفظ الدول على المعاهدات الدولية. مجلة الحق للعلوم الشرعية والقانونية, 319-331. https://doi.org/10.58916/alhaq.vi.259
إصدار
القسم
مقاله بحثيه
المراجع
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