Sampling and its contemporary applications (An applied study on Malaysian Islamic banks)

Abstract

This research addressed the topic of the "sample" formula and its contemporary financial applications, through an applied analytical study on the experience of Malaysian Islamic banks. The research aimed to trace the jurisprudential and practical development of this product, especially since Malaysia is considered the most expansive school in permitting it historically as a tool to provide liquidity. The study reviewed the financing structures used in the Malaysian market, highlighting the modern regulatory transformations and the alternatives proposed to reduce reliance on it in line with international standards. The results concluded that Malaysian banks have begun to move towards alternative formulas such as tawarruq and hedging that are compatible with Islamic Sharia to avoid the jurisprudential controversy surrounding the sample and to enhance their global competitive efficiency.